You can reduce your risk of WNV by using insect repellent and wearing long-sleeved shirts and long pants to prevent mosquito bites. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link.
West Nile virus. Section Navigation. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Syndicate. Mehlhop E, Diamond MS. Protective immune responses against West Nile virus are primed by distinct complement activation pathways. Mehlhop E, et al. Complement protein C1q reduces the stoichiometric threshold for antibody-mediated neutralization of West Nile virus. Complement activation is required for induction of a protective antibody response against West Nile virus infection.
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This virus is transmitted mostly by mosquitoes. There is no evidence for animal-to-person transmission of West Nile virus, although there is some evidence for crow-to-crow transmission. The best way to protect them is to reduce the amount of mosquito activity in the area.
The most effective means of doing this is to reduce or eliminate all standing water. If standing water, such as in a fish pond or stock tank, is permanent then it can be treated with floating Bti briquets or similar larvicides.
The use of insecticides to control adults also may be warranted in certain high risk situations. If possible, animals should be kept indoors at night. Contact your veterinarian if you are concerned that your pet might have West Nile virus infection.
Except for horses, most domestic animals have not shown symptoms of West Nile virus. There is no evidence that mosquitoes can acquire the virus from infected dogs or cats. Also, the chance for fatal cases in dogs and cats is thought to be extremely low. During the first three years of West Nile virus in the United States most cases of infected birds involved American crows. However, the number of bird species affected by West Nile virus expanded greatly in There are now records of West Nile virus mortality in native bird species and 11 exotic species.
The number of individual birds sickened or killed is unknown, although it is thought that crows and related species have been most affected. The kinds of birds affected by West Nile virus expanded greatly in Many different kinds of birds were reported killed by West Nile virus in We are still learning which kinds of birds are susceptible and what their risks are from West Nile virus. Assume that your pet birds and poultry are at some risk and keep them indoors, if possible, during high risk periods.
If your birds cant be kept indoors then take steps to reduce the amount of local mosquito activity. The most effective means of reducing the number of mosquitoes around your home is to reduce or eliminate all standing water.
Where in Colorado have birds infected with West Nile virus been reported? West Nile virus arrived in the state late in Most infected birds were found in river valleys in the eastern part of the state. It is likely that infected birds will be found over a much wider area in the future. If I see a lot of crows roosting in an area, should I be concerned about West Nile virus?
However, if you see several dead crows you should report the location to your local health department. How can I report a sighting of dead bird s for West Nile virus testing? Contact your local health department for information on reporting and collecting dead birds.
A list of Colorado health departments is found at www. Why are crows, but not most other dead birds, tested for West Nile virus? Crows are very susceptible to the virus, which builds to very high concentrations in their blood. A die-off of crows is a strong indicator of local West Nile virus activity.
Other kinds of birds may not be as susceptible and thus not as useful in detecting the presence of the virus. Why have some areas stopped collecting dead birds for West Nile virus testing? Birds are collected to test for the presence of West Nile virus. Once it is certain that the virus is established in an area there is little to be gained from additional testing, which is expensive. However some public health agencies may monitor reports of dead birds, particularly highly susceptible species such as crows.
This information can be useful in tracking seasonal activity of the virus. What information about the dead bird do I need to give my local health department for West Nile virus testing? Early in the season your health department may want information on how to get the bird from you for West Nile virus testing.
Later in the season they will just want the location. Mosquitoes pick up the virus when they feed on infected birds and these infected mosquitoes can then spread the virus to humans and other animals.
In a very small number of cases, WNV is caused by blood transfusions, organ transplants and from mother to baby during pregnancy, delivery or breastfeeding. Mosquitoes in the genus Culex transmit WNV. This virus is not transmitted from person to person.
Since dead birds may have died from the effects of WNV, wear protective gloves when handling dead birds or any other animal. Culex quinquefasciatus in the southern states are the mosquitoes most often implicated in WNV transmission.
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